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The Dollar Is Down—But It's Not Dead Yet
MacroMashup Newsletter

The Dollar Is Down—But It's Not Dead Yet

Why the greenback still rules global finance (for now)

Apr 18, 2025
Neil Winward

Author:

Neil Winward

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Founder and CEO

of

Dakota Ridge Capital

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    Welcome to Macro Mashup, the weekly newsletter that distills the content from key voices on macroeconomics, geopolitics, and energy in less than 7 minutes. Thank you for subscribing!

    Macro Mashup aims to bring together the greatest minds in Finance and Economics who care deeply about current U.S. and international affairs. We study the latest news and laws that affect our economy, money, and lives, so you don't have to.

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    Gold is surging. Treasuries are wobbling. But let’s not bury the dollar just yet.

    Three years of decline.

    That’s what the U.S. dollar has seen.

    It’s enough to get the headlines rolling:

    “Is the Dollar Dying?”
    “Gold Soars as Faith in USD Falters.”
    “De-Dollarization Begins.”

    But while fear sells, facts matter. And the truth is more complicated—and more interesting.

    Let’s break it down.

    What’s Driving The Dollar’s Slide?

    There are a few major culprits:

    • Tariffs and trade tensions. U.S. trade policy has become more erratic, spooking markets and international partners.
    • Investor exit. Confidence in U.S. government debt has taken a hit. Treasuries have sold off. Stocks followed. So did the dollar.
    • A flight to gold. Central banks and private investors are buying gold aggressively. Gold is up 53% year-over-year, outpacing the S&P 500 by a mile in 2025.

    And perhaps most telling of all: the dollar is no longer moving in tandem with 10-year Treasury yields.

    Usually, they rise and fall together. Lately, they’ve diverged. That’s rare—and troubling.

    Red line is USD; blue line is the 10-year Treasury yield.

    Why The Dollar Still Matters

    Despite the weakness, the dollar remains the core of the global financial system. It is:

    • The default currency for global trade
    • The anchor for energy pricing (like oil)
    • The world’s primary reserve currency

    There is no replacement waiting in the wings. Not the euro. Not the yuan. Not bitcoin. Not even gold.

    A Strong Dollar Can Still Break Things

    Let’s not forget: a too-strong dollar can wreak havoc.

    • Countries that borrow in USD feel more pressure when the dollar rises.
    • Oil-importing nations see prices spike.
    • U.S. companies exporting abroad get punished by unfavorable FX rates.

    In 1985, when the dollar hit peak strength under Paul Volcker, the world had had enough. This led to the Plaza Accord, in which major economies coordinated to weaken the dollar.

    We could be heading toward a similar moment—Mar-a-Lago Accords?

    What’s Different This Time? One Word: China

    China doesn’t want to replace the dollar but wants to weaken its grip.

    This chart tells the story:

    1. U.S. still dominates GDP, stock, and bond markets.
    2. In real terms (PPP), China is closing in fast—thanks to lower costs and faster output.
    3. China makes ~30% of the world’s goods. That kind of leverage can pressure the dollar over time.

    Still, China’s renminbi isn’t built for global reserve status. Not yet.

    But Beijing is building alternatives—trade in yuan, digital currency experiments, and deals that bypass the dollar.

    It’s a long game. And one worth watching.

    What Could Actually Kill The Dollar?

    Here’s the real risk: not China. Not inflation. Not even gold.

    It’s the U.S. itself.

    The dollar is mighty because people believe in it—and in the system behind it.

    That trust erodes if America:

    • Undermines the rule of law
    • Turns trade into a mafia-style negotiation
    • Burns alliances for short-term gain
    • Lets debt spiral without a credible plan

    Lose credibility, and no currency is safe—not even the dollar.

    Final Thought

    The U.S. dollar may be down. But it’s not out.

    Not yet.

    There’s no real alternative waiting to take the throne. But the pressure is rising. And if America wants to keep its currency at the center of the global economy, it needs to earn that position—every single day.

    In The Markets

    Continued volatility—every day, so it barely makes sense to post an update.

    The markets are trading on headlines:

    • Nvidia’s write-off—stocks down
    • Talks with Japan are going well—markets up

    Here’s one thing worth looking at: Someone has been doing well since Liberation Day.

    Yes! The line going straight up since April 2nd is Trump Media. The U.S. dollar and stocks are down.

    Who’s winning?

    What’s Next/What To Follow

    The first is Hidden Forces

    I can’t recommend Demetri Kofinas’ work highly enough. His model is free for the first hour, with no ads. If you want the second hour, which includes a deeper discussion, you have to pay.

    I encourage you to sign up for Hidden Forces. Demetri is a great interviewer and a thoughtful host, and the preparation is impressive.

    The takeaways are:

    • The WhiteHouse meeting with Zelensky signaled a schism with Europe—capital is going home
    • Capital’s search for the location where it is best treated creates massive cross-border flows, which are spiking currency volatility.
    • Current account deficit’s mirror image is capital account surpluses (buying Treasuries and U.S. stocks). If we aim to reduce one, we should also expect the other to decrease.

    The next is Lex Fridman

    I would not recommend the entirety of this podcast. The conversation starts at 30:00. It’s worth listening to the first 20 minutes after that.

    It’s a great example of a leader laying out very, very specific set of steps and a time-frame for executing his plan for Argentina.

    If only our leaders could do the same.

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      Neil Winward

      Neil Winward is the founding partner of Dakota Ridge Captial, helping investors, developers, banks, non-profits, and family offices unlock massive tax savings - on average of 7%- 10% - via clean energy investments by fully leveraging U.S. government incentives such the Inflation Reduction Act.

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      When the Price Mechanism Breaks: What the Simon–Ehrlich Bet Gets Wrong About AI
      MacroMashup Newsletter
      3

      When the Price Mechanism Breaks: What the Simon–Ehrlich Bet Gets Wrong About AI

      Neil Winward

      Why capital misprices time-based energy constraints in the age of exponential compute.

      In 1980, Julian Simon made one of the most famous bets in economic history.

      He bet that human ingenuity would defeat scarcity.

      Paul Ehrlich bet the opposite.

      Simon won.

      Commodity prices fell.

      Technology advanced.

      Supply responded.

      The lesson became doctrine:

      When prices rise, markets fix shortages.

      That belief now underpins trillions of dollars in capital allocation.

      It also underpins the AI boom.

      But here’s the question investors are not asking:

      What happens when prices can’t fix the bottleneck?

      This week, we’re not debating AI.

      We’re not debating energy transition.

      We’re not debating scarcity narratives.

      We’re examining something deeper:

      When does the price mechanism stop working — and what does that mean for portfolio construction?

      Inside this issue:

      • Where Simon still works
      • Where the mechanism slows
      • Where it structurally fails
      • And how to allocate when constraint becomes time-based, not price-based

      Because in 2026, the edge is not identifying demand.

      It’s identifying where capital hits physical delay.

      Continue reading for the full allocator framework.

      Read More
      When Bridges Become Collateral
      MacroMashup Newsletter
      3

      When Bridges Become Collateral

      Neil Winward

      The Yen Carry Wobbles, China Steps Back, and Sovereign Duration Stops Feeling Frictionless

      Welcome to MacroMashup — where we track the plumbing beneath the headlines.

      We focus on funding markets, sovereign balance sheets, and the structural flows that determine which assets become collateral — and which become narratives.

      If you’re new here, subscribe for weekly macro breakdowns that connect policy, capital flows, and portfolio positioning — before the consequences become obvious.

      Calm Surface, Cracked Foundations

      This week’s macro tape looks calm on the surface.

      The Fed is in blackout mode, parked at 3.50–3.75%. No new dot plot. No press conference shock. Just a steady drip of inflation and labor data for markets to over-interpret.

      There is good and bad in the delayed non-farm payrolls numbers:

      • Good enough to push back on imminent recession/hard-landing narratives (headline beat, unemployment down, participation up).
      • Not good enough to erase the story of a materially cooled labor market once you incorporate the 2025 revisions (-900k) and very narrow sector leadership.
      • For markets: bullish for near-term risk sentiment vs "jobs scare" scenarios, but mildly bearish for front-end duration versus hopes of rapid cuts, with a tilt toward a slow-grind softening rather than a cliff.
      • January is a volatile month, and not that reliable.

      Equities rotate instead of breaking, though the AI scare continues to create anxiety at the white-collar end. The market is beginning to try picking winners and losers.

      The 10-year chops around.

      Nobody says they’re de-risking — but positioning keeps getting tighter.

      Then geopolitics delivers peak 2026 energy: a political standoff over a literal bridge.

      The Gordie Howe International Bridge — one of the most important trade crossings between Detroit and Windsor — is now a bargaining chip. The White House is threatening to block its opening unless the U.S. gets a “better deal,” up to and including revisiting permits.

      When a concrete span becomes leverage, you’re being reminded of something bigger:

      Critical infrastructure is no longer sacred.

      It’s collateral.

      Under the surface, the real story isn’t about bridges.

      It’s about who funds what — and who stops funding it.

      In this week’s Deep Dive for paid readers, we examine:

      • Why the yen carry trade just lost its training wheels
      • Why Japan’s bond market is no longer “sleepy”
      • Why China is quietly telling banks to temper Treasury exposure
      • And what happens when sovereign duration stops feeling frictionless

      Bitcoin bled lower this week, behaving less like digital gold and more like a liquidity-sensitive risk asset. Hard assets are beginning to diverge — some are collateral, some are narrative.

      The system is quietly repricing the difference.

      Read More
      Global Energy: Narrative vs. Reality
      MacroMashup Newsletter
      3

      Global Energy: Narrative vs. Reality

      Neil Winward

      Markets price stories. Energy prices physics. MacroMashup cuts through hype, coal reality, policy, and capital flows.

      Welcome to MacroMashup

      A systems-level briefing on markets, energy, geopolitics, and capital flows.

      MacroMashup is not a news recap.

      We don’t chase headlines, hot takes, or moral theater. We focus on constraints — the physical, financial, and political limits that actually shape markets before narratives catch up.

      Each edition connects:

      • Macro policy and market structure
      • Energy, infrastructure, and industrial reality
      • Capital flows across assets, regions, and regimes

      The goal isn’t prediction.

      It’s orientation — so you can see regime shifts forming while others are still arguing about stories.

      If you’re new here, start with the free section below.

      👉 Subscribe to MacroMashup to receive:

      • Weekly free macro briefings
      • Member-only deep dives into energy, policy, and capital allocation
      • Private audio notes framing how to read the week calmly

      Paid members get the full analysis, charts, and portfolio-level implications.

      Markets are trading stories. Energy is trading physics.

      The Fed met this week with one objective: don’t spook anyone.

      Policy remains nominally unchanged. The language is softer. Powell is stuck in the narrow corridor where inflation isn’t dead, growth isn’t dead — but political tolerance for pain very much is. The only thing reporters really wanted to talk about wasn’t policy at all. It was politics…

      And, it was succession.

      Rick Rieder at BlackRock is now widely seen as the front-runner to replace Powell, a signal that markets are already gaming the next regime rather than listening to the current one.

      Equities keep floating higher for the same reason they’ve been floating all year: relative attractiveness. Compared to everything else on the menu, stocks still look like the least-ugly chaos hedge.

      The real tell isn’t in equities.

      It’s in shiny rocks.

      • Gold north of $5,000 and silver above $110 isn’t about CPI prints. It’s about trust.
      • Central banks keep accumulating quietly.
      • Retail is finally noticing.
      • And silver’s industrial role in AI, solar, and electrification is turning a “store of value” into a supply-chain bottleneck.

      Meanwhile, Minnesota has become the unwilling focal point of America’s immigration psychodrama.

      The killing of Alex Pretti — an ICU nurse and U.S. citizen — by federal immigration officers in Minneapolis detonated a narrative shift. After video evidence dismantled the initial “terrorist” framing, the administration pivoted fast: reviews announced, Tom Homan dispatched, language softened.

      State officials are suing. Judges are weighing restraining orders. Even some Republicans are blinking at the optics.

      Layer in South Korea slow-rolling U.S. investment commitments — and getting tariff threats in response — and you’re watching an administration try to be pro-market, pro-tariff, tough on immigration, and allergic to viral video all at once.

      Then there’s industrial policy.

      Washington just wrote another check into the rare-earths casino: up to $277 million in direct support, plus a potential $1.3 billion in additional backing for USA Rare Earth — in exchange for equity and warrants. Venture logic, sovereign balance sheet.

      So where does that leave us?

      Here’s the MacroMashup snapshot:

      • Macro regime: shifting from “central banks in charge” to “fiscal math in charge.” Bond markets are slowly realizing they’re financing deficits politics won’t fix.
      • Policy reality: the tightening narrative is over. De-facto gradual monetization is in. Structurally negative real rates remain the path of least resistance.
      • Asset implications:
        • Tailwinds for hard assets, energy, commodities, and durable cash-flow businesses
        • Bitcoin should benefit eventually — but hasn’t yet
        • Headwinds for long-duration paper claims dependent on stable real yields
      • Market behavior:
        • Mega-caps and Treasuries can levitate on flows and AI narratives
        • Breadth is improving beneath the Mag 7
        • Volatility shocks are becoming a feature, not a bug
      • Capital rotation: slow but real movement away from concentrated U.S. duration risk toward:
        • Energy and commodities
        • Geographically diversified real assets
        • Balance sheets built for financial repression, not perfection

      That’s the surface.

      Now let’s dig into where the energy story breaks down — and why the narrative no longer matches the operating system.

      Read More
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